Comparing Thomas Hobbes and Augustine Essay - 878 Words

Compare how Hobbes and Augustine Think The Condition of War Arises and Defend One Authors Account of `ordinary Morality As An Antedote For It nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Augustine believes that the condition of war arises when the perfectly ordered and harmonious enjoyment of God is disrupted (The City of God, 690) whereas Hobbes believes that the original state of nature is a condition of constant war, which rational and self-motivated people want to end. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Augustine argues that peace is more than the absence of hostilities - it is a state of harmony that makes possible the full functioning of human beings. Full functioning comes from the four internal virtues (courage, justice, temperance, and†¦show more content†¦Believing in God, though, lends a problem in the simple rule of justice: how do we give each other their due? Seemingly, war or hostility would not be a part of a Christians life on earth. Augustine counters by indicating that war may be and is waged by Gods commandment. To Augustine, waging war out of obedience to God is very different than to wage war for personal gain. But even wars caused by unselfish humans can be profitable to the faithful through patience and discipline to God. Augustine seems to believe that war is waged so that peace may be obtained. Since we all seek peace, war, then, can be obligatory when evil has control. Hobbes, on the other hand, believes that war is a natural condition of mankind. Although Hobbes and Augustine seem to both believe that there needs to be one source of law (Augustine, God and Hobbes, Social Contracts), Hobbes takes off to suggest that we are motivated by selfish self interests and because of that, we are better off living in a world of moral rules. Without there rules we are at the mercy of other peoples self - interest. War becomes the need to gain control of our own environments when others try to exploit us. These self - interests are Hobbes way of saying that all of our actions are a product of our own beliefs. We believe we are more superior than anyone else other than God and this natural passion brings in the first law of nature according to Hobbes: Liberty of man to reason. We all wish to reason forShow MoreRelatedKey Differences Between Realism and Neo Realism2781 Words   |  12 Pagesconcepts. Realism is the oldest and probably most commonly adopted theory of international relations, highly valued among scholars and students. The author of this essay will analytically discuss the key differences between realism and neo-realism, by comparing and contrasting the two. Classical Realism â€Å"Realism is a term that is used in a variety of ways in many different disciplines. In philosophy, it is an ontological theory opposed to idealism and nominalism. ‘Scientific realism’ is a philosophy ofRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganizational democracy: a challenge to managerialism? Destabilized capitalism Employee alienation as the key problem Conclusions 387 392 395 399 401 404 405 408 412 413 414 416 421 Chapter 10 Perspectives and challenges Introduction Comparing the different perspectives A modernist perspective A neomodernist perspective A new-wave perspective A postmodern perspective A reflective perspective A critical theory and psychoanalytic perspective A managerialist perspective The paradigm debateRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pageschoice is correct. From what else the friend says, you should be able to tell he was being sarcastic and wasnt serious about the two guys being friendly. He didnt mean for Ramone to take his statements literally. 2 11 There is a Calvin and Hobbes cartoon in which Calvin finds some charred rocks and ashes in his back yard and claims this is dramatic proof that UFOs landed in his backyard. That cartoon also illustrates the following principle of logical reasoning: Extraordinary statements

The Impact Of Technology On The Healthcare Field - 1541 Words

Abstract While advancements in technology have positively impacted the nursing field, it has also created huge concerns with patient privacy and sharing of protected health information leading to detrimental effects to patients and their families. Indeed, technology is changing the face of healthcare with positive innovations to reduce medication errors and documentation errors. However, technology at our fingertips has created immense concerns with sharing of protected health information of patients via social media, email and other means of communication via technology. This paper addresses why I feel the advancement of technology has numerous deficits that need more research and implementation of new laws and policies to safeguard the†¦show more content†¦The electronic health record (EHR) is a digital record of a patient’s health history that may be made up of records from many locations and/or sources, such as hospitals, providers, clinics, and public health agencies. The EHR is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and has built-in safeguards to assure patient health information confidentiality and security. (Huston, 2013) Equally impressive is the implementation of Computerized Physician/provider Order Entry or CPOE. CPOE is known as one of three key patient safety initiatives by Leapfrog Group, a conglomeration of non-health care Fortune 500 company leaders committed to modernizing the current healthcare system (Huston, 2014; The Leapfrog Group, 2013). CPOE is a type of software designed to reduce errors in transcription due to illegible physician handwritings or wrongly placed decimals in dosage and strengths of medications. CPOE also gives the clinician access to Clinical Decision Support, or CDS, which is a database to assist clinicians and providers to health related information for certain patient diagnosis with care planning assistance and direction. (Huston, 2014; The Leapfrog Group, 2013). CPOE and CDS will likely be streamlined and commonly used in healthcare in the next decade which appears will likely improve patient safety as well as vastly reduce medication andShow MoreRelatedThe Imp act Of Technology On The Field Of Healthcare Essay1212 Words   |  5 Pageswith more efficient technology, but there is still one career field which technology may never have the capability to overrun. Healthcare professionals such as medical doctors, physician assistants, occupational therapists, and nurses possess personal qualities which are better emulated by human beings than technology, qualities which are vital to being successful in the field of healthcare. These qualities include empathy, respect, trustworthiness, and humbleness. Many career fields have become obsoleteRead MoreThe Impact of Innovative Health Technologies in Nursing and Health Care997 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology in Nursing and Health Care: The continuous transformation of the health care field through the introduction of new technology tools has contributed to the need for nurses to stay current with new trends and keep track of what is on the horizon. However, these rapid technological changes and advancements in the health care field have seemingly precluded any probability of anticipating the future. As a result, nurses and other health care professionals can prepare for the future by remainingRead MoreDefinition Of Health Information Technology875 Words   |  4 PagesDefinition of Health Informatics Introduction â€Å"Information is power† as the popular saying goes, is never proper than now with the current digital revolution. This digital revolution has impacted every major industry (including the healthcare industry). 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For example, information is readilyRead MoreHealth Coverage Needle And Its Impact On America s Healthcare Landscape886 Words   |  4 PagesOver the recent years, healthcare in the United States has drastically changed. The industry has experienced continuous growth, due to an array of events. The introduction and passing of Affordable Care Act, the increase of Baby Boomers (individuals born between 1946-1960) reaching the age of retirement, and potential passing of immigration inclusion laws has impacted and will continue to impact America’s healthcare landscape. Numerous factors associated with the political, economic, social,Read MoreElectronic Medical Records And The New Age Of Electronic Health Information Technology Essay1271 Words   |  6 PagesElectronic Medical Records (EMRs) are now exercising a more significant impact on healthcare practices than ever before. The United States healthcare system stands on the brink of a new age of el ectronic health information technology. The potential for innovation within this new technology represents a great opportunity for the future of medicine. However, in seeking to implement EMRs caution must be exercised to ensure that implementation does not have adverse effects on the personal nature of theRead MoreThe Importance Of Nurses And Medical Field984 Words   |  4 Pageshave changed throughout the years. There has been a great change in the education, a large increase in traveling nurses, and the technology that is helping the nurse and medical field. These large changes are helping the medical field become a better place, and hence improving many hospitals all over the country. These changes have become a necessity for the medical field to become better, and improve patient security as well as their satisfaction with medical attention. 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In modern times medicine has been transformed by waves of discovery that have brought marvels like antibiotics, vaccines and heart stents. Disruptive technologies have played a significant role through the ages in leapfrogging the paradigms of healthcare systems. The adventRead MoreThe Field Of Health Information Technology1359 Words   |  6 PagesThe field of Health Information Technology is a fast growing field that helps providers manage their patient care in a better way and provide us with more secure healthcare information. Health Information Technology professionals are really important to this field. They specialize in information management and analytical sciences in their field in order to identify, define, manage, and communicate the data. Without them many of the advances in healthcare would not have happened and they play a major

Introduction to Business Law and Ethics Free Essays

Introduction to Business Law and Ethics Susana Silvestri Grand Canyon University BUS-340 October 17, 2010 Introduction to Business Law and Ethics Statutory interpretation was critical to the Supreme Court of Colorado’s resolution of a 2007 case, Pringle v. Valdez. Using an online source or sources, locate the Pringle decision. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Business Law and Ethics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Then do the following: 1. Read Justice Bender’s majority opinion and prepare a case brief of the sort described in this chapter’s appendix on â€Å"Reading and Briefing Cases. 2. Read the dissenting opinion authored by Justice Coats. Then prepare a one-page essay that (a) summarizes the principal arguments made in the dissenting opinion; (b) sets forth your view on which analysis—the majority opinion’s or the dissenting opinion’s—is better; and (c) Provide the reasons for the view you have expressed in (b). 1. Case Briefing Pringle v. Valdez 06SC92 (2007) Court: Supreme Court Class: Civil Facts: Pringle lost control of the vehicle while taking Valdez home. Valdez was not wearing his seatbelt causing a series of injuries when ejected of the vehicle. Valdez requested compensation for impairment and disfigurement, and noneconomic losses. The argument lays on the â€Å"Noneconomic losses† which might fall under the â€Å"pain and suffering† under the seatbelt defense. Issue: The wording used involving â€Å"pain and suffering† and â€Å"noneconomic damages† referred to in the Seatbelt defense provision Holding: Awarding of $400,000 for physical disfigurement and impairment. Rule: The wording in dispute â€Å"pain and suffering† and â€Å"noneconomic damages† will be further evaluated. Analysis: â€Å"Pain and Suffering† and â€Å"noneconomic damages† are many times considered to be similar and by studying the demand of the case it can be ruled as been the same but using a different name. Conclusion: Non-award of $100,000 for noneconomic damages. Award of $400,00 for physical impairment and disfigurement. Pringle v. Valdez is obviously at first a case of Majority Opinion which in an appeal court was turned into a dissenting opinion. Part of the case held while the other was discussed, studied and adjust for an accurate ruling, in order to explain and grant a decision by the jurors and the judge according with the Statutory Interpretation of the case. Mallor, J. P. , Barnes, A. J. , Bowers, T. Langvardt, A. W. , 2010, p. 24 http://www. courts. state. co. us/Courts/Supreme_Court/opinions/2006/06SC92. pdf Jerrie Gray worked at a Tyson Foods plant where she was exposed to comments, gestures, and physical contact that, she alleged, constituted sexual harassment. Tyson disputed the allegation, arguing that the behavior was not unwelcome, that the complained about conduct was not based on sex, that the conduct did not affect a term, condition, or privilege of employment, and that proper remedial action was taken in response to any complaint by Gray of sexual harassment. During the trial in federal court, a witness for Gray repeatedly volunteered inadmissible testimony that the judge had to tell the jury to disregard. At one point, upon an objection from the defendant’s counsel, the witness asked, â€Å"May I say something here? The judge told her she could not. Finally, after the jury left the courtroom, the witness had an angry outburst that continued into the hallway, in view of some of the jurors. The jury awarded Gray $185,000 in compensatory and $800,000 in punitive damages. Tyson believed that it should not have been liable, that the awards of damages were excessive and unsupported by evidence, and that the inadmissible evidence and improper conduct had tainted the proceedings. What courses of action may Tyson pursue? Tyson Foods entered a trial in a Federal Court after a sexual harassment case was filed. Tyson Foods follow protocol and tried to solve the issue ahead of time. During trial the witness continued to make comments that were dismissed which were then awarded based on comments made after the hearing was completed and the company was liable to pay almost $1,000,000. 00. Based on Tyson Foods believes they should appeal the Federal Court decision due to the fact that the claims were unsupported by evidence. Also they should add the fact that the inadmissible evidence and improper conduct of the witness had tainted the proceedings issuing an unfair ruling. You own a consulting firm with 32 employees and annual billings of $29,000,000. One of your clients, whom you bill an average of $1,200,000 annually, has asked you to hire her grandson. You know that the grandson has been recently graduated from a top-20 business school. He is 31 years old, has a solid academic record, and possesses the personal and professional skills to be successful as a consultant. You also know, however, that he is a recovering cocaine addict, having struggled with the addiction for five years prior to his attending business school. Your firm has a strict no-drugs policy, which you usually interpret to exclude those who previously abused drugs. Using justice theory, justify a decision to exempt the grandson from your firm’s no-drugs policy. Could you make the same decision as a profit maximizer? This decision can doors to law suits for discrimination to previous applicants which applications had been denied. On the other hand, the company has the risk to loose a good client. As owner, I will first make sure to read, examine and adjust any clause related to hiring and the no-drugs policy. The words â€Å"recovering† and â€Å"recovered† are different. Hiring someone in the recovering stage, the company is breaking the no-drugs policy. If adjustments are made to the policy to accommodate applicants from this point on that are â€Å"recovering† or â€Å"recovered† drug addicts, it will be to implementing random drug tests weekly. This will be costly to the firm but will guarantee the no-drug policy to remain unbroken; the potential new employee must agree to this practice and the consequences based on the results. Justice Theory is based on â€Å"the protection of those who are least advantaged in society† (Mallor, J. P. , Barnes, A. J. , Bowers, T. Langvardt, A. W. , 2010, p. 5), making changes and adjusting the policy will fall under this category. Giving a second chance to those in disadvantage in society. Maximizer â€Å"requires a decision maker to maximize a business’s long-run profits within the limits of the law†(Mallor, J. P. , Barnes, A. J. , Bowers, T. Langvardt, A. W. , 2010, p. 95) i f this potential employee is capable to obey the policy and continue a successful recovery it could mean a win-win situation. You are assigned by your employer, Jay-Mart Corporation, an international discount retailer, to supervise the construction of ten new retail superstores in Shanghai, China. All construction is being done by a Chinese-owned contractor in compliance with Ja to those iny-Mart’s construction standards. After an earthquake in China kills over 70,000 people, China’s legislature passes a statute requiring new buildings to have a greater ability to withstand a large earthquake. The Chinese contractor has approached you and suggested that the new Chinese construction standards are unnecessarily high, that Jay-Mart’s construction standards are sufficient to protect against any earthquake likely to occur, and that the cost of complying with the new Chinese construction standards will increase construction costs 20 percent. What do you do if you believe that ethical behavior requires you to maximize Jay-Mart’s profits? A â€Å"profit maximization results in ethical conduct because it requires society’s members to act within the constraints of the law. A profit maximizer, therefore, acts ethically by complying with society’s mores as expressed in its laws. † (2) (Mallor, J. P. , Barnes, A. J. , Bowers, T. Langvardt, A. W. , 2010, p. 7) With this in mind the supervisor of the construction site, the decision has to be made were the company’s profit could be reduced to 20% due to the increase of the construction. This change should be shown to the company’s finance department. The profits at short term could be affected by going with the construction based on the laws standards. By actually continue with the original plan the company could be liable to law suits if another natural disaster occur and the construction standards were not followed, this could affect th e long run profits of the company. There are many ways to cut expenses; one that could be proposed can be to build 8 stores instead of the 10 originally proposed, this will absorbed the 20% increase to maintain the project under the stipulated budget without affecting the short term profit. References Mallor, J. P. , Barnes, A. J. , Bowers, T. Langvardt, A. W. (2010). Business Law (14th ed. ). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Irwin http://www. courts. state. co. us/Courts/Supreme_Court/opinions/2006/06SC92. pdf (Retrieved October 12, 2010) How to cite Introduction to Business Law and Ethics, Essays

International Marketing China- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theInternational Marketing China, Europe and Denmark. Answer: Introduction According to the case study, LEGO is the second largest toymaker in the world with 7.0 billion net profits. It belongs to the construction toy category producing both licensed and non-licensed products. The main focus of the company is laid on quality and innovation rather than price. LEGO has main market in China, Europe, Denmark and other Far East countries. This paper aims at determining the reasons why emerging economies such as China, India and Indonesia have a small share although they have long-term opportunities for organic growth (Hollensen 2014). Secondly, the reasons because of which it was a good idea or not to launch LEGO friends is discussed. The type of retailing that suits the brand is also recognized. Thirdly, recommendations are provided to the LEGO management to measure market success for LEGO Friends. Lastly, the considerations regarding cultural customization strategy in the expansion to Middle East or Japan are examined (Merkin, Taras and Steel 2014). Small Market Share of LEGO in Developing Economies The developing countries such as China, India and Indonesia are already a home to significant population. Although progress is made in these countries, but poverty and inequity is a major challenge for sustainable development. As these countries face poverty, majority of the people are not ready to pay a higher price for the product. According to the case study, majority of the toy products are outsourced to China. LEGO focuses on product quality and innovation rather than price. The customers have to pay a premium price for obtaining quality products. Rather than having in-house production in China, LEGO outsources majority of the toy products to China. While the globalization in developing countries provide a lot of economic advantages, but there is also an issue if the companies are taking advantage of the less wealthy people (Hollensen 2016). Therefore, number of people buying the toys in these countries prefers low priced products keeping the market share of LEGO Friends low des pite long-term opportunities for organic growth (Graham, Gilly and Cateora 2015). Launch of LEGO Friends and Type of Retailing Yes, it was a good idea to launch LEGO Friends. Their diverse range of product portfolio and relationship with license owners such as LucasArts and Disney make it a success. The sales were lifted substantially as it kept high brand appeal. LEGO is always looking for innovation in its products and launched products targeting the girls segment. The brand keeps multiple themes such as camp of Heartlake city, farmers market theme, nursing sets, Pop Star sets and camping theme. These categories and themes give its customers a variety of options to choose from (Hollensen 2016). The type of retailing that suits LEGO Friends is E-Tailing. E-tailing or electronic retailing is the sale of goods and services through the internet. With the advancement in globalization and shift in customer trends, the stores are moving from brick-and-mortar concept to e-tailing. E-tailing allows the customers to choose from different age options such as less than a year, 1-3 years, 3-5 years and so on. It shall also allow the customers to choose from the type of games such as puzzles, dolls, shooting games and any other category as designed by the company. The customers can filter the age group of the children and their gender to girls or boys as desired by them (Fletcher and Crawford 2013). Measurement of Degree of Market Success As stated in the case study, LEGO Friends has been introduced to the market as a supplement to the current product range. Therefore, the management can implement a few measures to assess the market success for LEGO Friends. Firstly, the management can measure profitability. The company may assess if they have money left after paying for the operating expenses such as rent and wages and any debt (Hollensen 2016). However, if very little or no finance is left; the chances of success may begin to dwindle. Further, the customer base shall be measured. If the customer base is effectively reaching the target market, then the company has a vibrant customer base. Lastly, measuring customer satisfaction shall help in determining the level of contentment of the customers. If the customers are highly satisfied, it shall indicate that the organization is moving in the right direction (Kotabe 2014). Consideration of Cultural Customisation Strategy Cultural Customisation can be defined as a strategy or step to reach the global audience. In the given case scenario, LEGO is considering to expand in the Middle East or Japan. It is important for them to consider cultural customisation strategy as the business practices of the Middle East are different from that of the West. The Middle East people consider follow up activities done in person. They do not prefer doing business over phone or e-mail. The business partners must be greeted with the Islamic greeting. Also, the time differences have to be considered. The female staff members are advised to refrain from any physical contact including handshake. In case of expansion in Japan, negotiations are considered as a matter of deep seriousness. They prefer having verbal agreements than a written one. For both cases, the management of LEGO Friends must provide cross-cultural training to the employees. They must also be taught the basics of Arabic and Japanese language so that the comm unication is smooth. Therefore, LEGO Friends must consider the cultural differences when expanding across borders (Merkin, Taras and Steel 2014). Conclusion Conclusively, countries such as China and India face poverty, majority of the people are not ready to pay a higher price for the product. The customers have to pay a premium price for obtaining quality products. The brand keeps multiple themes such as camp of Heartlake city, farmers market theme, nursing sets, Pop Star sets and camping theme. The type of retailing that suits LEGO Friends is E-Tailing. The customers can filter the age group of the children and their gender to girls or boys as desired by them. In case of expansion in Japan, negotiations are considered as a matter of deep seriousness. References Fletcher, R. and Crawford, H., 2013.International marketing. 6th ed. Australia: Pearson Education. Graham, J., Gilly, . and Cateora, ., 2015.International Marketing. 17th ed. Singapore: McGraw Hill Education. Hollensen, S., 2016.Global marketing. 7th ed. UK: Pearson Education. Hollensen, S., 2014. Global marketing: a decision-oriented approach. Harlow. New York.Financial Times Prentice Hall. Kotabe, M., 2014.Global marketing management. 1st ed. USA: John Wiley. Merkin, R., Taras, V. and Steel, P., 2014. State of the art themes in cross-cultural communication research: A systematic and meta-analytic review.International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 38, pp.1-23.